Entries in the 'Science' Category

Can We Measure The Effect Of Thoughts?

Dr. Michael LaitmanQuestion: Can ten or more people who think positive about someone who is ill have an effect on him?

Answer: Yes, but where will you find ten such people whose influence would be strong enough to really manifest and be measurable?

I knew an American professor who received government funding for conducting similar studies in different places around the world. He carried out about sixty studies of the influence of masses who share similar ideas over different parts of the globe. However, honestly, I wasn’t interested in his results. I don’t believe that it is possible to come up with any real conclusions here. He may have had some statistical data, but nothing more than that. How can we measure the impact of such phenomena, how  it manifests, as the evil or the good eye?

It is impossible to discover any connection since an ordinary person cannot discover such an influence and cannot work with it; he cannot accumulate it, measure it, or compare it. It is possible only if one is on the level of a group whose members work together on gradually developing a common sensory “organ” which can feel new attributes and new common characteristics. The connection that is created between them can influence any of them. Then, this group becomes a detector.

Question: What do you think about a family? Is a family with its natural ties considered a group, or is it not enough?

Answer: If a member of the family is ill, the other members also may feel bad, of course. This is common knowledge, and doctors know and understand this. Moreover, they also say that cancer is spread on an energetic level.

If we look around us, we can see that pets, for example, suffer from the same maladies as their owners. If the owner is depressed, then their cat or dog also will suffer from the same malady, although animals normally do not suffer from depression. This means that illness is transmitted on an energetic level.
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From KabTV’s “The Medicine of the Future” 4/7/13

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Scientists Suggest Making Food Out Of Cellulose

Dr. Michael LaitmanIn the News (from ScienceNow): “The main ingredient of wood, cellulose, is one of the most abundant organic compounds on Earth and a dream source of renewable fuel. Now, bioengineers suggest that it could feed the hungry as well. In a new study, researchers have found a way to turn cellulose into starch, the most common carbohydrate in the human diet.

“Now, for the first time, it appears there may be a practical way that cellulose could also feed people, says bioprocess engineer Y.-H. Percival Zhang of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg. …

“Zhang and his colleagues focused on starch, which makes up as much as 40% of people’s diets. The idea of turning cellulose into starch is one rooted in the similarities between the compounds: Cellulose is composed of hundreds to thousands of molecules of the sugar glucose, and starch compounds are made of glucose as well, although the sugar is bonded together in different ways.

“Though the process works, it’s expensive. Zhang estimates that, given the current price tag of the enzymes that his team used, it would cost about $1 million to turn 200 kilograms of crude cellulose into 20 kilograms of starch, about enough to feed one person’s carbohydrate needs for 80 days. Still, after 5 to 10 years of further research, Zhang says companies could do the same thing for just $0.50 per person per day. ‘We do not see big obstacles to the commercialization of this process.’

“Optimistically assuming 100 billion tons of cellulose is available per year, ‘we will have a potential of approximately 4.5 billion tons of starch, which is nearly twofold the annual production of cereal—that is, 2.3 billion tons per year now,’ Zhang says. That would provide up to 30% of the food that prior studies estimate is needed to feed the world in 2050.”

My Comment: If it weren’t for a predatory attitude to nature, humanity would have easily fed itself and been able to devote itself to a spiritual ascent that provides us with the perfect eternal existence.
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Learn From Monkeys

Dr. Michael LaitmanIn the News (from Phys.org): “’The vervets show us that tolerance towards group members and patience while others are learning how they can improve things individually can go a long way in solving coordination problems,’ said Ronald Noë of Université de Strasbourg in France.

“In the study, the researchers had groups of vervet monkeys, two living freely in a South African park and another in captivity in France, play a social game without offering them any training on the game or how to play it. In each ‘forbidden circle’ experiment, a single low-ranking female was trained to open a container holding a large amount of food only when other monkeys dominant to her stayed outside an imaginary circle. If anyone was to get their treats, everyone had to figure out the rules and show enough restraint to follow them.

“And sure enough, the vervets did. One by one, without any guidance from humans, the dominant monkeys learned to control themselves. As soon as all of them showed restraint, the provider monkey in the middle opened the bin of food right away, saving everyone precious time.

“Remarkably, the vervet monkeys each learned how to ‘play’ on their own, in order of dominance and by trial and error. Higher-ranking monkeys figured out the rules most quickly because their status allowed them to reach the food dispenser first and to see the provider’s response that their actions provoked. With the rules to ‘back off’ understood, those more dominant individuals watched on patiently until each of their peers followed suit. The monkeys showed no evidence of communication or coercion at all.

“Noë said the findings represent skills that the vervets probably use all the time, in coordinating movements for protection of the group or their territory, for example. Their behavior shows that higher cognitive processes, such as insight into the thoughts of others and complex language, aren’t always needed to solve complex social puzzles. ‘These capacities do help us a lot, of course, and the fact that humans are so often confronted with such [coordination] problems may well explain the evolution of language and higher cognitive capacities,’ Noë said. ‘But individual learning and a bit of patience while others learn can go a long way too.’”

My Comment: How would adults and children behave in this situation? Our egoism makes us different from primates; it makes us blind! How much suffering will we have to bear before accepting the orders of the higher nature?..
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Europe Faces A High Tide

Dr. Michael LaitmanIn the News (from New Scientist): “Hurricanes usually form in the western tropical Atlantic and head north-west to the US. Occasionally they make it to Europe by piggybacking on the jet stream.

“To simulate future hurricanes, Reindert Haarsma of the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute in De Bilt and colleagues ran a detailed climate model for 2094 to 2098, assuming modest future greenhouse gas emissions.

“They found that future hurricanes formed further east in the tropical Atlantic, as that area had warmed sufficiently to provide enough heat and moisture to power them. As a result, many didn’t hit the US and instead struck Western Europe. The storms weakened once they left the tropics, but powered up again when they entered cold and windy areas, becoming hybrid storms like Sandy, halfway between winter storms and hurricanes.”

My Comment: Catastrophic climate change should appear not at the end of the century, but in the coming years. Disturbing the balance with nature will lead to huge losses. But the problem is not in the environment, but in the human being because of all the levels of nature, still, vegetative, animal, and human—only the human being by his social behavior, rather than by the impact of technology, is capable of influencing the balance of system, for better or for worse.
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Another Planet – And Chaos

Dr. Michael LaitmanOpinion (Julia Fang and Jean-Luc Margot, University of California, Los Angeles): “The planets in our solar system are delicately arranged, according to astronomers. If a new planet were suddenly introduced, the additional gravitational pull would result in collisions and orbital ejections. Now that significant planetary systems have been discovered around other stars, astronomers are trying to determine whether those systems are similarly delicate. To that end, Julia Fang and Jean-Luc Margot of UCLA created millions of simulations of three- and four-planet solar systems, based on the arrangements of those that have been discovered by the Kepler space telescope. The average spacing of the simulated planets was very similar to that of the planets in our solar system. When Fang and Margot then introduced a new planet to each of the simulated systems, they found that at least one-third of the three-planet systems and nearly one-half of the four-planet systems became catastrophically unstable. Although the researchers caution that Kepler‘s observations allow for some variations in planetary arrangements, they believe that balanced systems such as our own are common.”

My Comment: There is a plan in everything, system dependence, full mutual connection and purpose. The only correct work of man is being in accordance with the absolute law of nature, which is achieved by studying and applying integral education and upbringing. Knowledge of the upper system will allow us to travel beyond time and space, changing them by changing our properties. How to realize it practically is explained and studied in the science of Kabbalah.
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Physicists: The Universe Is A Giant Brain

Dr. Michael LaitmanIn the News (from Huffington Post): “The idea of the universe as a ‘giant brain’ has been proposed by scientists – and science fiction writers – for decades.

“But now physicists say there may be some evidence that it’s actually true. In a sense.

“According to a study published in Nature’s Scientific Reports, the universe may be growing in the same way as a giant brain – with the electrical firing between brain cells ‘mirrored’ by the shape of expanding galaxies.

“The results of a computer simulation suggest that ‘natural growth dynamics’ – the way that systems evolve – are the same for different kinds of networks – whether it’s the internet, the human brain or the universe as a whole. … The result, they argue, is that the universe really does grow like a brain. The study raises profound questions about how the universe works.”

My Comment: All the worlds are arranged by a single scheme HaVaYaH—four stages of development, everything and every part of them. A unified force of absolute bestowal dominates the entire system, manages it, and predetermines everything, including our destiny. We have an opportunity to  change ourselves, to keep “up” with its step-by-step development all the time, and thus feel comfortable. Moreover, we can predict the future states in advance, and changing ourselves, we perceive them not as suffering, but as desirable. This is the purpose of the science of Kabbalah.
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Desire Is Like A Target For The Light

Dr. Michael LaitmanQuestion: Can we ever prove that all of the matter of creation is a desire to receive?

Answer: Ask physicists, and they will tell you the same thing, but in different words. There are several basic principles, such as the second law of thermodynamics, and there are several natural constants. If we dig a bit deeper, we will come across the concept of mass. Behind mass, there is energy, and, behind energy, here scientific knowledge comes to a dead end.

We can say that there is a force behind energy, but what is that force? How can we describe it? Scientists are trying to find these bases and when their research will be completed, drawing a line from their studies to the desire to receive, the desire to keep its existence on all the levels of the still nature, the vegetative, the animate, and the speaking.

Even if we speak about the most elementary phenomenon, it is always about its nature. We refer to something that wants to sustain itself in its form of existence. This is the desire to receive, the desire to exist. Without it, there would be nothing, not even for a short while. In this source, even time doesn’t exist yet.

So, the desire precedes everything, and, beyond that, there are different forms that it takes upon itself.

All the sciences and the wisdoms speak about what man discovers here in the framework of corporeal reality. On the other hand, the wisdom of Kabbalah doesn’t speak about our egoistic desire that is only typical of this world, but about a raw desire, about a force that is not dressed in anything yet.

Question: Can it be studied outside the wisdom of Kabbalah?

Answer: No, outside the wisdom of Kabbalah, we simply don’t have the necessary tools. We cannot build an accelerator that would bombard the desire and record its responses. It is because it is much deeper than the micro-world, deeper than the quantum effects. Therefore, you can work only with it inside yourself when you become the “area” to which the Light comes. It hits the desire, and, as a result of their meeting—as a result of the cooperation between them—different particles are created, according to which you discover the Returning Light that descends to a lower level and evokes new Reshimot (spiritual genes) in you.

The elementary schema, according to the wisdom of Kabbalah, is a Masach (screen) that begins to ascend from Tabur. In the next level, there is Zivug de Haka’a (coupling while striking), and the Returning Light descends again from one level to another, thus overcoming the difference in energy in the previous state. From there, it “throws” Tagin on the letters (“crowns” above the letters, and eventually, the differences in energy bring about differences in frequencies, differences in attributes. This comparison enables you to discern the details and put together the general picture.

It is just like a baby who tastes everything, and thus begins to know the world since taste is the main sense that he can use and rely upon at the moment. In spirituality, the new Lights that are revealed in the desire are called “flavors.” They help us learn what is going on.

So, the matter that the target the Light hits is actually me, my desire to receive. Just like scientists who bombard their targets with particles by increasing their energy, we, too, do the same thing, not with corporeal matter, but with the matter of desire, by rising from phase four to phase three, to phase two, and so forth.

Therefore, we cannot speak with scientists about such matters. Of all the sciences, physics is the closest to the wisdom of Kabbalah. We speak about concrete phenomena and forces.
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From the 4th part of the Daily Kabbalah Lesson 3/14/13, “Introduction to The Book of Zohar”

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The Quantum Unity Of The World

Dr. Michael LaitmanOpinion (Alex Chulichkov, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences): “It is impossible to predict the polarization (the direction of oscillation of the electromagnetic field) of the photon emitted by an atom. But it is possible to cause the emission of two photons of the same polarization, but of an unknown direction.

“The photon does not have a definite polarization until it interacts with the observer. However, measuring the polarization of one of the photons will allow the determination of the polarization of the other photon in the same instant. How can the second photon instantly “learn” about the measurements conducted with the first photon, no matter how far they are scattered, and find the polarization at the same instant? Conclusion: our world is not a set of local atoms, bricks; it is a whole, and what happens in one part of it instantly changes the whole.”

My Comment: This is a fact. And the conclusion is simple: All of us are one whole, and that is why we should come to a single form by our own efforts, and from it we will begin to see, feel, and exist in the upper, quantum world—the eternal and perfect world, beyond space, time, and motion (See The Study of the Ten Sefirot, p. 1 “Inner Observation”).
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An Optimal Calculation Of Nature

Dr. Michael LaitmanIn the News (from ScienceBlog): “By simulating 25,000 generations of evolution within computers, Cornell University engineering and robotics researchers have discovered why biological networks tend to be organized as modules – a finding that will lead to a deeper understanding of the evolution of complexity. …

“The team discovered that evolution produces modules not because they produce more adaptable designs, but because modular designs have fewer and shorter network connections, which are costly to build and maintain. As it turned out, it was enough to include a ‘cost of wiring’ to make evolution favor modular architectures. …

“To test the theory, the researchers simulated the evolution of networks with and without a cost for network connections.

“’Once you add a cost for network connections, modules immediately appear. Without a cost, modules never form. The effect is quite dramatic,’ says Clune.

“The results may help explain the near-universal presence of modularity in biological networks as diverse as neural networks – such as animal brains – and vascular networks, gene regulatory networks, protein-protein interaction networks, metabolic networks and even human-constructed networks such as the Internet.

“’Being able to evolve modularity will let us create more complex, sophisticated computational brains,’ says Clune.

“Says Lipson: ‘We’ve had various attempts to try to crack the modularity question in lots of different ways. This one by far is the simplest and most elegant.’”

My Comment: Nature takes into account absolutely every known and still unknown condition and parameter and makes the solution optimal. We have to accept its solution as ideal and mandatory to follow. It is in imitation of nature and is the key to our proper development.
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Becoming A Manager Instead Of The Creator!

Dr. Michael LaitmanIn the News (from Inside Science): “When ants are confronted with information overload and face too many decisions – about where to live, for instance – they revert to the wisdom of the crowd.

“The colonies themselves are not very big, usually a few hundred workers, associate professor of biology Stephen C. Pratt said, and if an animal knocks a colony over, the roof falls in, or if they need more space, the ants have to move.

“But the ants live in areas in which the potential number of possible nest sites is overwhelming. One ant can’t cope with making the decision. No one is in charge in an ant nest.

“They distribute the task among colony members. That’s where the crowdsourcing comes in.

“According to Pratt and Sasaki, the ants send scouts to check out some potential home sites. The scouts look at such things as the size of the entrance and how big the cavity is. If the ant likes what she sees, she returns to the colony.

“She sends out a pheromone message, ‘Follow me,’ and another ant will join her in what is called tandem running. She takes her colleague out to view the potential site.

“If the second ant likes what she sees, she goes back and repeats the process, bringing back another ant. If she doesn’t like it, she merely returns to the colony. If enough ants like a site, the colony reaches a quorum, essentially choosing the new home.

“The scouts pick up their nest mates and carry them to their new homes, usually taking the nest queen along with them.

“Sasaki built an experiment in which one ant had to make the decision from two potential sites and then from eight. Half the potential sites were unsuitable in both experiments. He was forcing the ants in the laboratory to do what ants in the wild would not, send one ant to make the decision for the colony, Pratt said.

Individual ants, confronted with two choices, had no problems picking the most suitable site. When faced with choosing among eight, however, an ant often selected the wrong place.

“The two researchers tested a whole colony with the same choices, letting them send out more than one scout. The colonies, acting as a crowd, did equally well in both experiments, picking suitable sites 90 percent of the time. …

“Part of the advantage of the colony system, Sasaki and Pratt hypothesized, is that each scout visited only a few potential sites, minimizing the information it must process, while an individual ant, assigned to do it alone, had to visit them all and was the victim of cognitive overload. …

“‘Cognitive overload is a growing issue for human decision making, as unprecedented access to data poses new challenges to individual processing abilities,’ Pratt and Sasaki wrote in their journal article. ‘Human groups also solve difficult problems better when each group member has only limited access to information.’”

My Comment: The individual mind of “flocking” birds and “herding” animals exists in a minimum capacity and strength, and collective intelligence is used for all occasions, the power of the collective. Thus, nature holds together “in itself” the still, vegetative, and animate.

The human being must consciously, by the perceived need and against his individualistic nature, make a collective and unified whole out of himself and other egoists, and then he will rise to the degree of “Adam” (human), will feel and understand oneness and integrality of the system of nature, and will be able to intelligently and actively exist at the level of Adam. He will not need the animal body because it is only necessary to rise from the level of the animate (completely controlled nature) to the level of Adam (who controls nature himself, instead of the Creator).
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