Entries in the 'Conventions' Category

There Are No Bad Characteristics

Dr. Michael LaitmanThe yearning of the person for spiritual attainment depends upon a group because it can lower or raise him. In accordance with this, Rabash writes that there is nothing more terrible than neglect, carelessness at work, when a person thinks to himself, “Not bad. It’s okay, anything goes.”

Control of a person over himself is established only through his choice of an environment, how much the group influences him is the degree he can control himself. Therefore the group needs to direct, to motivate, and to encourage him so that he will feel that he cannot go any lower than this level but can only rise, always continuing upwards. If the group is directed correctly, then this is easy.

The relationship regarding the friends must be gentle; we need to understand that each has his characteristics. We are not teachers and not critics of the character of one another in any way. For each there are characteristics that must remain in him, but in a corrected form. That is to say, one is stingy, another is a fool, and a third is lazy, jealous, and irritable and so on. It’s forbidden in any way to suppress these characteristics! It’s necessary only to help transform them. That is all!

It’s necessary to direct anger against my bad characteristics; jealousy is a wonderful characteristic if it’s aimed in the right direction. We always tell a child: “See how he is, learn from him.” That’s how we ignite jealousy in him. This is to say, we need to look at each other as a mother looks at her child, and see that there is only good in everything that leads to connection between people. And the opposite, all kinds of seemingly good characteristics can destroy humanity if they are not directed towards connection and unity.

Enter into all kinds of sources of psychology and philosophy, whatever you want, and you will see what kind of nonsense was invented around the characteristics of a person. For with them everything is considered relative to the characteristic itself, and not its usage. But if we direct this characteristic correctly towards connection and unity between people, then it’s possible to be convinced that there is nothing bad in us. Everything depends only on intention!

Certainly this should be reflected in our relationships regarding each other. There are no bad people, they are not corrected. For this sake we are together. Therefore we love each other.

If I discover some seemingly unbearable characteristic in someone and feel that I cannot get along with this, I immediately stop and begin to develop another side in me (in myself and not him), and then from this I receive spiritual powers. I recommend that you remember this! I am telling you this from my own experience. Try it!

Suddenly new powers appear within you. You begin to feel how the Creator gives you sources for forward advancement. Specifically instead of “turning it,” open yourself. Relax, behind it stands the Creator. Agree and that is all! You create within yourself an open new space full of spiritual energy because you have changed yourself.
[113793]
From the St. Petersburg Convention “Day Two” 7/13/13, Lesson 4

Related Material:
Tuning Into A Wave Of Bestowal
Filter All That Is Redundant
All That Is Bad In You Is Your “Self”

New Meanings Of Old Articles

Dr. Michael LaitmanA good environment is the only means of attaining the goal. When we gather together with an intention like this, with intensity like this, with a desire like this and see how all of our friends throughout the world are following us, are found together with us, and we feel their pressure on us; then certainly this subject is heard and invites a completely new and strong influence.

I have told the story not just once that when I asked Rabash: “What is bothering me? Why don’t I advance?” he immediately answered that I required friends. Frankly, I didn’t completely understand for what, but what was said. I began to search, to give lectures and ultimately brought people to him. From them groups were formed.

And then Rabash began to write articles for them because I didn’t know what to say to them. First he wrote short articles on silver cigarette pack papers. In general that is how it was when we walked and talked in the park and we had no other paper, I would take out the silver paper from a pack of cigarettes and he wrote.

That is how the first articles appeared. And after this I would take sheets of paper folded in half with me. After that we bought a typewriter for him and he began to type texts with one finger. Much later we got an electric typewriter and so it went. Therefore, as of today, we have many articles by Rabash.

These articles set out all of the basics of human interaction in the group as the most important environment for spiritual growth. We learn them again and again methodically and according to our growth we see how in those sentences, in those words, new meaning is discovered all the time.
[113729]
From the St. Petersburg Convention “Day Two” 7/13/13, Lesson 4

Related Material:
Individualists Also Need A Group
The Love Of Friends: A Pass To Infinity
Discover Love In Love

The Foundation Of The Spiritual Ladder

Dr. Michael LaitmanThe spiritual growth of the person begins with the fact that he completely forgets about himself and finds himself with his entire mind, intellect, and emotion, with the desire to think only about the group as a unified whole. Moreover, this doesn’t depend on the group itself, as in the example of Rabbi Yossi ben Kisma.

The person “dissolves” in it and begins to see it in its true form. Apparently this is not a group and not his friends with whom he spent so much time together, no. He simply sees a gathering of great Kabbalists, one soul. It could be that they don’t even suspect this; whereas he already discovers this in them because everything depends upon our personal characteristics through which we see the world.

Today it is like this when we look at the physical world; we suppose that it is as we see it. The moment that we change our characteristics, we see instead a completely different society and environment, and those friends of ours will be seen on another level, in a different form.

Therefore, such a person has no claims against the environment; he always gives his friends the benefit of the doubt without criticism: They are absolutely right, they absolutely believe in the goal; and he justifies all that they do. The main thing for him is simply to nullify himself, and to give them all that is possible, all of his energy, all of his vitality. To this degree he enters the group and sees them spiritually. And so certainly according to his efforts the “Surrounding Light” influences him, corrects the quality of a person, helps him, and he begins to see an absolutely different world instead of the former environment to the completion of correction. This is how it all happens.

Therefore this work, and especially the intention towards it, becomes a foundation for the spiritual ladder. And after that descents and ascents take place.

The descents and ascents of normal life do not interest the person—family, work, and whatever else—he needs certainly to arrange all this to the degree that this is required for his physical existence, since this won’t end when his spirituality begins. This remains because all of our ascents begin from this, we again fall to the level of this world, we rise to the next spiritual level, and again fall into the egoistic state of this world. And that is how it is 125 times. This is most complicated and difficult.

Therefore I always emphasize that the most difficult thing is the first level when the person is able to be detached from himself for the first time and enters into a group such that he loses himself, he doesn’t exist. He is not afraid; he is happy about this; he discovers himself in a different form, in the form of the entire group. Within it he discovers the right reciprocal link between all the friends, which is called the “Creator,” that is found between them, and he is mixed with this network of reciprocal linkage. This is called his adherence with the Creator.

To the degree of a person’s spiritual growth, more and more opposition, contradictions, descents, and doubts appear. And again he is elevated above them to states like those through which great souls, the students of Rabbi Shimon, have passed, who were ready to burn each other to ash with the fire of hatred. And this was the first condition of that high level upon which they were found. That is to say, before they could begin with spiritual work, they had a beginning state like this.

Therefore the ascents and descents are compulsory. Thanks to them we rise, changing the ego to bestowal and love. And all the time, the greater our ego becomes, we can attain greater adherence between us above that hatred that is to be discovered on higher levels, and we go forward.
[113717]
From the St. Petersburg Convention “Day Two” 7/13/13, Lesson 4

Related Material:
So The Group Will Absorb Everything
Dissolving In The Group
New Meanings Of Old Articles

Choice Of The Right Environment

Dr. Michael LaitmanHow is it possible to help a person choose the right environment? We need to describe it to ourselves correctly and how to bring people to us, for from them the environment that will influence us, in which we will dissolve, is created.

And there is a problem here. On the one hand, we want this environment to be as wide and rich as possible, both quantitatively and qualitatively. On the other hand, it could be that it is made qualitatively large, but at the expense of quantity; and the opposite, it could be quantitatively large at the expense of quality. In this regard, we have these questions and concerns. “Should the group be small but cohesive and strong? Or the opposite, should it be wide and large, but all kinds of subgroups and streams might appear in it without any special unity?”

What should we do in this circumstance? How should we behave? There are no recipes for this. We must do both. It is necessary to constantly vary. And in doing so, we ourselves grow.

It is absolutely necessary to try to bring new friends. Certainly we pass them through some kind of “waiting room,” there must be some kind of absorption here, an international academy for Kabbalah or all kinds of other courses and lessons. There could be evening lessons, even postgraduate lessons and then, if they agree, it is possible to bring them gradually into the group.
[113715]
From the St. Petersburg Convention “Day Two” 7/13/13, Lesson 4

Related Material:
Lifting A Heavy Load Easily
Newcomers And Veterans
Day Will Follow Night

I = The Light = The Creator

Dr. Michael LaitmanQuestion: During the last convention there was a clear feeling that everything depends only on the friends, that they do everything in order to attain the goal, and that we enjoy this state. Then you said that being in this state we forgot about the Creator. Where is the borderline between the friends and the Creator? What efforts should we make now in order to add to the state of our unity with the Creator?

Answer: This is a difficult question. If I believe that the Creator does everything, then what do the friends do? If I believe that the Creator manages my friends and bestows upon me through them, it means that I connect the friends with the Creator and I am external to both of them, or that I connect myself with the friends and we all look for Him, but we are together, and He is not among us yet. So how can we find the right state here?

Baal HaSulam says that in order to advance correctly we have to imagine an equal state simultaneously (there is an equilateral triangle in the drawing): the Creator, the group, and me. We have to meet in the center in order to find Him, myself and also the group, all three elements. Therefore, we have to yearn for the center so these three elements will constantly move together in our consciousness: I, the group or the Torah (Light), and the Creator.

We must constantly feel that we are getting closer together between us until we find ourselves in the center. This means that the condition for spiritual development is I = the Light = the Creator. When these three parameters in me are identical, it means that they are all one point.
[113356]
From the 2nd part of the Daily Kabbalah Lesson 7/21/13, Shamati #59 “About the Rod and the Serpent”

Related Material:
In The Center Of An Equilateral Triangle
The Condition For Spiritual Advancement
In The Center Of The Void

The “Pluses” And The “Minuses” Of The Convention

Dr. Michael LaitmanQuestion: After the congress, we are constantly trying to hold on to the level we reached there despite the  additional egoism we discover in us now. How is the state that is revealed to us now related to the process we are going through?

Answer: We cannot ascend as we would like to since we don’t value our exertion, which is our reward. Now, after the convention, we have to be happy that we have lost the taste of unity and that we don’t feel any desire to connect. Our relations have become dull, tasteless and dark. But this is actually great since now we can try to fill the emptiness that is revealed by ourselves!

We have to see this opportunity as a present. It is indeed a real gift from above. We wanted to bestow and now we have an empty void that we can fill! When will we feel such a void again?

The state of unity in the convention was given to us as an example so that now we will be able to do the same thing by ourselves. In the convention we were given the “plus” so that now, when the “minus” appears we will do the same thing. The plus is the example that came from the Creator. Now we have a chance to repeat His actions and to reach the same result.

The plus stands for an ascent and the minus stands for a descent. The Creator has given us an example, He has revealed to us the feeling, the form, and now you should do the same. We, however, don’t value this exertion and don’t feel grateful for it, but rather curse the Creator and resent what He has done with us. We neglect the chance to become like Him.

It is during a descent that we can provoke and draw upon us the Surrounding Light. The whole problem is that we have to do it but we don’t.
[113192]
From the 1st part of the Daily Kabbalah Lesson 7/25/13, Writings of Baal HaSulam

Related Material:
The Important Link In The Chain
Cause And Effect Change Places
What Especially Is Missing Is The Creator!

The Light Will Put Everything Into Its Place

Dr. Michael LaitmanBaal HaSulam writes that there is only one soul, only one desire that was created. Spirituality is not divided into parts, therefore it is found completely in each one of us and all together.

“In each one of us” means that if I can include myself in everyone, then I discover the collective soul, which is to say not only those billions who are living now, but also those who have not yet been born and will be born in the future. This is not the picture we imagine.

In other words, this is one volume, one soul, one substance. It’s revealed to us only to that extent that we can properly exist and on the level of intensity that we can interact.

In accordance with that the properties of each person are determined,  and every particle in each one of us. There are people who are characterized by dissemination, meaning contact with large numbers of people, and there are those who are the opposite, they are characterized by connection with a narrow circle of people but with a high level of intensity of connection with them. That is, it’s according to quality or according to quantity; in each of us there is both this and that according to the characteristics of his soul.

For instance, the heart, while it’s clearly involved in its narrowly focused work, connects to a multitude of organs. Whereas, other systems, like the blood vessels, the lymph system, the nervous system, and others, on the other hand, extend everywhere, reaching every part of the body. Our connections are also like this. It’s possible to see this in regard to that for which the person yearns. I see this in regard to my students, for example, how much they are more or less able to find themselves (as far as I can see).

But generally there is no significance to this, because the Light apparently puts us where we are. There is nothing new, we only hasten our development by attracting the Surrounding Light. On the other hand, it will advance us anyway according to the plan of Nature. But this program is found only on the level of the Light of Nefesh (from the word “Nefesha”), which means the inanimate state.

That is, the Light pushes us all the time and we flee from it because this pressure is perceived as negative; we are always developing in this way. But this kind of development is not good because it can lead to great natural disasters, wars, and the like. And if we don’t do anything, then this is all ahead of us.

Conversely, if we invite the hastening of the Upper Light, its increased illumination upon ourselves, then we will advance more rapidly.

Baal HaSulam in “Letter 13,” writes about work in a group: You should know that there are many sparks of holiness in each one in the group [among our friends], when you assemble all the sparks of holiness into one place [into one desire], as brothers, with love and friendship, you will certainly have [that is, attain] a very high level of holiness for a while, from the light of life [the level of bestowal].
[112771]
From the St. Petersburg Convention “Day Two” 7/13/13, Lesson 3

Related Material:
Many Sparks, One Soul
Everybody Is Equal In Spiritual Work
The Forbidden Fruit: The Second Failed Attempt

Faith Against Reason

Dr. Michael LaitmanQuestion: How do we actually advance in “faith above reason?”

Answer: Although we got to know that we were advancing during the convention, we also received another great addition. Now we not only believe in the teacher and in our correct advancement, but we also understand that in addition to that now we have to advance in greater “faith above reason.” This means that thanks to the message we received, we can advance in greater faith now.

If we advance correctly we will encounter greater problems as the ego will pull us more strongly backward and we will still have to advance above it and against it. “Faith above reason” means faith against reason.

How can we advance against reason? When we advance in spirituality, every level annuls the previous level according to the spiritual law of “negating the negative.” Each time we grow, we become wiser and more clever and our knowledge on the next level is opposite from the knowledge on the previous level.

Every Partzuf is made of ten Sefirot, from Keter to Malchut. Malchut of the upper becomes Keter of the lower, which means that it changes its attributes to the opposite attributes. However, when we ascend, Keter of the lower becomes Malchut of the upper, and thus also becomes the opposite.

Malchut is the attribute of receiving and Keter is the attribute of bestowal. So each time we ascend, we need to turn the receiving into bestowal, to “faith above reason.” When you ascend to the next ten levels, since your Keter has become Malchut, it’s as if you negate all your previous knowledge and all the ten Sefirot you had on the previous level become the opposite and are incorrect in the next state.

It’s like speaking to a child who sees things from his level, while you see it totally differently. The reasons and the actions are different, although you see the same outcome.

“Faith above reason” is faith against reason. It always negates the previous reason and you should advance against it, which means above it. I have the previous knowledge and still I advance according to faith.

When Rabash explained to me what “faith above reason” is he gave me the following example: Suppose a friend has borrowed a thousand dollars from another friend and wants to give back the money. When he gives him back the money, it turns out that there is one dollar less in the envelope. He asks whether the friend has returned all the money and his friend tells him that he did. Does he begin to think who is right now? No. If the friend says that it’s a thousand dollars, I accept it as a thousand dollars. This means that I don’t believe what I see, since now I have my friend’s eyes instead of my own eyes. I don’t believe my feelings and what I know; I advance in “faith above reason.”

What my friend tells me means the external vessels, the external attributes are more important to me, and I accept it as more accurate information that is clearer and more correct than mine. So if the group decides something, I immediately accept it and although it’s clear to me that there is less than a thousand dollars here, I accept it as a thousand. It’s a substitute for me. On the whole this seems totally illogical and unrealistic, and it is indeed so.

Baal HaSulam says that certain people may seem wicked and others righteous according to their attributes and then we see them in the opposite manner, certain people seem rich and others poor and then we see them oppositely, certain people seem clever and others foolish and then the opposite. Everything depends on us. In the spiritual world we change the picture completely by changing our attributes. The bodies and the connections between them are revealed in a totally different manner.

So “faith above reason” is the means by which we advance and ascend the spiritual ladder. We cannot do it otherwise! ”Faith above reason” is faith opposite from what we knew previously. If we don’t have faith against what we knew before, we would never rise from one Partzuf (state) to the second, the third, and so on. This is how the transition takes place.

If we were given the message and felt that we are on the right track during the last convention and that our teacher guides us correctly, although we didn’t really believe that, we have a problem now. So where is our faith? How can we close our eyes and disregard what we know? If we don’t, we will advance egoistically. For the first time we are given a real chance to conquer our next level in an attack “above reason.”
[112963]
From the 1st part of the Daily Kabbalah Lesson 7/21/13, “Faith Above Reason”

Related Material:
An Operation In “Faith Above Reason”
Rising Above Reason
How To Measure Faith Above Reason

Different Systems, One Model

Dr. Michael LaitmanQuestion: We are now disseminating integral education. Basically, this is actually the wisdom of Kabbalah that has been adapted for use with the masses. I would like to know the relationship in percentages, how much should be invested in internal dissemination and how much in external dissemination?

Answer: Usually scientists investigating the different effects and phenomena of nature, put everything in formulas and graphs depicting the dependencies.  Then, based on this, they begin to examine the appropriate materials, and after experimentation they translate everything into practical technological processes required for life.

Before technological development reaches the store shelves it goes through a long process. In the beginning scientists are involved with formulas, graphs, physics, mathematical calculations, and apparatus. And then you will see the devices packaged in boxes in stores. Every housewife can buy, let’s say, a microwave, put it in the kitchen, plug it in, and heat up rolls.

Can you imagine the path of development from the study of microwaves and their impact on various objects, etc. to the housewife warming up pie for her family! Even though she is not familiar with the principle of how the device works, this doesn’t interest her. She only knows that it is necessary to set a particular temperature, a particular time, and then she will get warm pie. This is also physics and its utilization.

That is how it is with the wisdom of Kabbalah. It explains the structure of the world, the forces that influence us. But according to the level of the person, he could learn it as advanced physics, namely the inner nature of things, or as a practical application on himself.

We investigate the wisdom of Kabbalah in its pure form, with the help of graphs, formulas, and a large volume of complex texts. You yourselves know how many years it can be studied, but not be fully explored. But in practice, it only explains the interaction between two forces—the positive and the negative—as they are correlated and integrated in the bond between them, the resulting environment that is formed between them, how we can change so it is comfortable and beneficial for a person so that these forces can be used more effectively. But the problem is, in order to use these forces correctly, a person must be corrected.

Apparently we don’t use the cooperation between these two forces (the positive and the negative) on the level of our internal characteristics, but on the egoistic level, we try to enslave not only all of nature, but the family, the nation, all of humanity and the entire earth, and make of them whatever may come to mind.

And this becomes possible for us to a certain extent but not more because nature doesn’t allow this. That is, it isn’t possible for us to manage the same two forces on the next level. This level is revealed to us only to the degree that our form becomes equal to these two forces. Rather it is only if the person begins to change his nature that he can then use these forces and manage them.

Our world is a space in which we exist with our egoistic nature, because that is how we were born and developed, and within this framework we can use the positive and negative force in an allowable range.

The next levels are 125 levels of opposition between these two forces. These are not just levels of strength or ability, rather they are new qualitative levels, from which, due to the connection between them, completely new life forms are created. We are not prepared to penetrate into this, since it is possible to understand these levels above us only to the degree that we become equalized with them.

Currently, all of humanity has entered into the latest crisis because it has already evolved to a level for which it must change and rise from the lowest level to the next level. We are beginning to feel this now.

The transition to the next stage involves a change in our nature from egoistic to altruistic. And here a problem is aroused. We are learning how to change our nature based upon the fact that we ourselves are attracted to this. But most people are not attracted to anything, so nature and the crisis will force them to be involved with this.

They will not be occupied in it as we are. We learn the method itself, the structure, the cooperation between the two forces, the energy field between them, the Lights, the mingling between the forces. All of this can be translated into the language of pure physics or the language of emotion because everything goes through the person or into other forms of expression. We are familiar with this from our sources.

And the common man, who is not pulled forward like us, must nevertheless rise to the next level, for life will push him through suffering; he will not have to do this. He is like the housewife who uses the microwave. We only need to show him, to teach him, what to press and everything will be all right.

And it is necessary to think about this. Therefore it is up to us to rewrite this method in the most simple and accessible form, for our physical and our spiritual future depends on this. Which is to say, if we want to reach discovery of the next level, the next stage, even the next dimension (although this sounds mystical, we are not mystics), then it is up to us to adapt the method to ourselves and rewrite it in a simple form for others.

If we take a textbook about the laws of Newton on the university level, we see that these formulas are quite complicated, but in school we learn them as short and abstract formulas: mass, velocity, acceleration, free fall, and so on. Exactly like this we must rewrite all of our complex laws, the integral relationships in their simplest form. This is a very serious problem and we must take care of it.

We learn about the relationship between the two forces according to the relationships between a man and a woman in a family or parents with children or other relationships on the physical level or in the connection between two systems: positive and negative in the form of Abba ve Ima or ZON or Arik Anpin and Atik. Even though the names change, the principle remains the same, a linkage between plus and minus. Depending on the strength of the relationship between them, the height of the system to which they give birth is established.

Through conversations about “A New Life” or discussions of other subjects, my interior is not changed at all, since for me it is the same diagram. This is exactly how it is at the time of the lesson, during the three hours we jump from subject to subject; however, I don’t get exhausted at all, I could teach another ten hours. You would get tired, but I wouldn’t because for me there is one model.
[111120]
From the Convention in Krasnoyarsk 6/13/13, Lesson 3

Related Material:
Dissemination And Unity
Two Methods Of Dissemination
The Integral Method: Present And Future

Making A “Heavenly Firmament” Above Us

Dr. Michael LaitmanEvery level summarizes and incorporates everything that takes place within it. We constantly are learning from ourselves about the states and characteristics through which we pass, which gradually accumulate, and after this, like a gauge, reach a stage where zero becomes one, and after that, again reach a stage where one becomes two, and so on. That is also how it is with us.

However, when the number one or two appears in me, it appears as a negative sum of all the previous negative discoveries above which I can rise, and I now rise above all of them together, and the first positive level is created for me.

Therefore, we must understand that the Creator is never revealed to us in a good way. He forces us to change, and then we feel Him, which is to say, our own corrected states will be felt by us as characteristics of the Creator.

Therefore, we don’t need to look somewhere else, rather only within us, clarifying where the characteristics are that are operating against connection that were created as a result of the shattering of the collective soul. We discover them and rise above them all the time. That is how we advance. This is to say, love covers over all unintentional mistakes and all crimes, and we advance according to this principle.

Now, when we are found in a good atmosphere like this, lacking mutual concern, first and foremost, we must make a “heavenly firmament” above us, such an environment, such a dome, that will hold all of us in constant awareness that we need to discover within us the opposition to connection and surmount it all the time.

If this doesn’t appear in us, this is a sign that we don’t yearn for connection, but when we truly yearn for it we immediately feel the opposition. This is because in spirituality there is no stopping. Immediately, all kinds of disturbances will be added to us as stages of advancement.

Many of the source texts talk about how the Kabbalists felt mutual hatred for each other. In The Book of Zohar it is said that the students of Rabbi Shimon felt such a mutual hatred that they were ready to burn each other to ashes, a fire of hatred burned among them.

Apparently, they had nothing about which to dispute. All of them were poor and lived in a small cave. About what did they feel hatred? It was because they wanted to get close to each other to correct their nature and discover with this the characteristic of bestowal and love, the Creator.

Therefore, the great power of the environment, the group, a constant reminder that if the group works correctly, then all the oppositions that appear among us are our only means for spiritual ascent.

From bricks like these, the corrected characteristics, the soul is built. The characteristics of rejection are the shattered parts of the temple of the soul. By connecting them, we rebuild this Kli, vessel, our collective soul.

We make an effort to connect and eventually discover the evil in each of us: We don’t want to connect. Along with this, we need to feel the pressure of the group so that we won’t flee from the hostility and hatred that appears in us about some of the friends or all of them. Under pressure from the group we begin to yearn for connection in opposition to the force of separation. Therefore, the pressure of the group must be strong.

Through yearning for connection, we begin to understand that, not only do we require the pressure of the group here, but also a higher power, the Surrounding Light (Ohr Makif), and so three compulsory components appear: ourselves, the group, and the Surrounding Light. Through them, this problem is solved and we connect.

The next time, it is the same thing. That is, the conditions for connection transform into a start. So, after connecting, again we need to search for an even greater reason to connect, and again, we get rejection and descend, over which we rise again, and go forward. We all are going through a process like this.
[112514]
From the St. Petersburg Convention “Day One” 7/12/13, Lesson 2

Related Material:
The Creator Pushes, While The Environment Catches Me
The Path To Goodness: Step By Step
The Last Variable In The Equation