Entries in the 'Science' Category

Breaking the Connection to Feelings

963.1Question: The orthogonality theory of intelligence states that intelligence and final goals are orthogonal axes along which possible agents can freely vary; that is, more or less any level of intelligence could in principle be combined with more or less any final goal. It has also been construed to mean that smart people can pursue stupid goals. Intelligence and goals are orthogonal, unrelated to each other. No matter how smart the intellect, it can safely pursue absolutely stupid or poor goals.

How can these two parameters be linked in order to actually use intelligence for high goals?

Answer: When you speak about the mechanism of the interaction of intellects, do you take into account whether they are purely intellectual or sensory?

Comment: At the moment, I consider them purely intellectual. That is, we are talking about intelligence divorced from sensations.

My Response: Then we are talking about mechanical devices and not about people or any sensory civilization.

Comment: But in fact, sensations are a person’s reception of information. It later gets evaluated, processed, and so on. And if we started the discussion with the isolation of human intellect from the field of sensations, then we in fact came to the conclusion that all this happens in conjunction with feelings.

My Response: It follows that we cannot take sensory parameters into account.

Question: But if a person feels something and is able to process these feelings, why can’t we take them into account? This is all the same information that comes to us in different forms. We feel something, analyze it, and act on it accordingly.

That is, this bundle is the high goal, methods of achieving it that are not related to goal, setting, and the sensory perception when receiving information—all this is completely shattered in a person.

It is unclear how it works. Maybe there is a point, a line through the center to connect it all? Or do we have no need for it?

Answer: The fact is that if we want to affect the workings of such systems, we must put at least a few conditions down that will not lead humanity to destruction, self-destruction. Then we will have a clear direction of where to set the limits in the system.
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From KabTV’s “Kabbalah Express” 7/31/23

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Problem of Goal Setting

963.4Question: There is something called a goal setting problem. It applies both to humans and artificial intelligence. When a person sets a goal for himself he needs to evaluate whether it is good or bad in a global sense and  whether it brings him closer to something or moves him away from it.

This evaluation is done on both a genetic level and on the basis of moral principles acquired from society and the laws of the state.

When artificial intelligence is being trained, a problem arises in how to evaluate its actions, because if even a single factor is not taken into account, the artificial intelligence might ignore it. Let us assume the task is to plant a field of strawberries without harming any humans. If the factor of not harming humans is ignored and not included in the overall algorithm, it will lead to significant harm. This is an intricate and complex system that is impossible to design perfectly from the start.

How can we determine what is good and what is bad? I understand that this is a higher-order problem. But still, on the basis of what can be done or at least to come closer to the conclusion that it is good and what is not?

Answer: First, if something is done for the benefit of people—not just for one individual or a single group, but for the benefit of all people—then it is considered good. Second, it is considered good if it does not cause irreparable harm to nature in the process. That is all, really.

These two rules are essentially complex, but they encompass a lot within them.

Question: Is this similar to Kabbalistic definitions where seemingly simple definitions contain the entirety of the universe or the whole path of humanity from the beginning to the ultimate goal? How do you operate with such things in practice?

Answer: Only under the condition of proper education for all the inhabitants of the planet. That is, to load the right information into a person in the course of life and work it out with him until it becomes a practical necessity and reality.
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From KabTV’s “Kabbalah Express” 7/31/23

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The Purpose of Inner Development

294.2Question: Is it acceptable that a psychologist works with a patient and includes the basis of Kabbalah?

Answer: I do not know the tasks of a psychologist, but I know that no psychologist can work with a person in the Kabbalistic field in his inner mental and spiritual scope. We do not offer ourselves to psychologists and do not try to attract them to come to Kabbalah and try to help us in any way.

Our task is to reveal to a person the need for his inner development so that he can feel the Creator, attain Him, and based on this develop further.
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From KabTV’s “Kabbalah in the modern turbulent world” 8/3/23

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Artificial Intelligence

025.01Comment: While studying chaos theory, scientists conducted many experiments and created what is called an intelligent mind. They made a computer programmed with certain algorithms. But scientists were not clear why in different situations the computer chose the best way to respond. It seems that these are artificial machines, but there is some element of reason in them.

My Response: It is not reason. It is just that a person cannot embrace absolutely everything and fully understand and feel everything; therefore, it seems that there is some element here above our logic.

It is indeed higher than our logic, higher than our mind, but still it is clearly defined and scientifically determined. We are not able to feel, collect, and understand all these processes. There are no miracles in nature.

Question: Are we also in this state regarding the next step?

Answer: Of course. We are controlled by the forces of nature that drive us forward. But at the same time they require us to develop, to define ourselves, to feel differently.
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From KabTV’s “I Got a Call. Artificial Intelligence” 5/7/11

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Evil Boomerangs Back to You

294.3Comment: Famous chemist Fritz Haber was a Jew and a German patriot. It is believed he saved at least a billion people. When the world’s population increased as harvests began to decline, in 1909, he came up with a way to produce ammonia fertilizers from nitrogen and hydrogen. It was considered one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century dubbed “bread from air.”

War broke out (World War 1), and Haber wanting to prove his loyalty to Germany, experimented with and chlorine (mustard) gas that was first tested in Ypres in 1915. He watched as 3,000 to 5,000 French soldiers died an agonizing death right before his eyes. Soon after, his wife committed suicide from shame and his son committed suicide many years later.

In 1918, Fritz Haber received the Nobel Prize for his work on ammonia (fertlizers). Then he headed the institute where the Cyclone Bet gas was created. At a certain time, millions of people were poisoned with this gas in gas chambers in concentration camps. His relatives and loved ones were killed. In 1933, Hitler came to power, Fritz Haber was thrown out of his institute, and died a year later of a heart attack. Such was his fate.

How does the desire to feed the world and invent a suffocating gas coexist in a person?

My Response: I believe he didn’t think about the consequences of either. Simply, as a man of science, he was driven by the opportunity to create something effective. But for what, plus or minus, I think he did not realize.

Question: Can one live like this? Thousands are being destroyed before your eyes with your invention.

Answer: You can say this about anything. Einstein is also the father of the atomic bomb. What can you do?

Question: But he later renounced it.

Answer: To renounce it makes little difference. You can come to renounce anything, but they have already used it.

Comment: That’s interesting. Sakharov is the father of the hydrogen bomb, etc., and later they become generally righteous.

So, you believe a scientist is driven by discovery, a desire to create?

My Response: Of course, this is what interests him. He is not really aware of the consequences.

Comment: It is not too good to realize people have no principles they won’t cross, regardless what is done to them.

My Response: Not with a true scientist; they do not sense life at all.

Question: Is life a desire to create for them?

Answer: Yes. And what it gets used for does not interest them at the moment. That is, whoever takes on this scientist, will squeeze out all they want from him.

Question: Can we draw some conclusions from this for how not to fall under such an environment, not to take part in such inventions?

Answer: No, a scientist cannot. He has an inquisitive mind, his only interest is in discovering something new.

Question: But is this how one is led from above? Is it known in advance he will be like this?

Answer: Yes, of course, it is the upper governance.

Question: So you don’t condemn Fritz Haber in this case?

Answer: I don’t blame anyone at all. I can’t do anything about it because it is out of our hands.

Question: Everything has boomeranged back into his family. His wife committed suicide, his son committed suicide, his relatives were killed by the very gas he invented. Tell me, does a boomerang law exist or not?

Answer: In general, all the good and all the bad we do comes back to all of us and our loved ones, of course. And we have to somehow make a connection between these things. Maybe try to draw some conclusions for the future.

Question: So is there such a simple formula where the evil done returns to you in one form or another? Is there such a law?

Answer: Yes. That is, you have to constantly discern very carefully what you are doing, what you are engaged in, and where you are headed.

Question: Will my bad thoughts about others come back to me?

Answer: It is the same; they will surely come back to you.

Comment: If a person felt this, he could be more careful.

My Response: For this, he must be constantly on guard. Every person should restrain himself and control his thoughts, desires, and intentions in general.

Question: Is it right to restrain yourself? Meaning, one says to himself: “This is a bad thing, I’m not going there.” Like this?

Answer: Yes, even in thoughts.

Question: Even in thoughts? But it is very difficult.

Answer: We call it intention.

Comment: But I’m not free in my thoughts.

My Response: It doesn’t matter. What is sent to you, you are not free in. But what you do with it is your choice.

Question: The third question is patriotism. What kind of disease is it when one is capable of doing anything, that is, he can give himself completely? Even more so than in any other area.

Answer: He sets himself a goal that he can justify and be proud of.

Comment: This is my motherland. I am ready to kill for it, do anything, etc.

My Response: Indeed. All this is found in the worst atrocities by the way. Look what Hitler wrote.

Question: Is it a disease or is it in each of us?

Answer: In every person.

Question: So you can even pull it out of and facilitate it in a person? And push him to the most terrible things?

Answer: Undoubtedly.

Question: So this patriotism was revealed in people who did not expect to be capable of this?

Answer: Sure. We see it directly in their notes, works, letters.
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From KabTV’s “News with Dr. Michael Laitman” 6/8/23

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Principles of Correct Examples

963.5Question: When artificial intelligence is created, it is trained on trillions of parameters, literally on everything that humanity has created during its short existence by cosmic standards. There are no other options. But everything created by people did not really work for their benefit. Then how can the correct information be uploaded; how can we educate it correctly and give correct examples? Where can we take them from if the entire set of examples that exists in the human world is negative?

Answer: We do nоt care if the results are positive or negative. The main thing for us is that we can agree that they are like this. That is, on all the examples that are given to humanity, I can learn both good and bad.

But, in principle, we are talking about the fulfillment of two conditions. The first condition is to act for the benefit of all mankind, second is to not cause irreparable harm to nature.

Therefore, everything that is loaded into a person is evaluated only based on these two principles, and on this basis, a conclusion is made whether to use this example or not.
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From KabTV’s: “Kabbalah Express” 7/31/23

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Unidentified Black Box Mechanism

202.0Question: In the learning process of artificial intelligence, the mechanism of the black box is completely preserved in it. If before a person created computers, he clearly knew it was a microcircuit, an algorithm; there is a cause and effect, and everything goes along the chain and leads to some result. A person understood the whole scheme.

When training artificial intelligence, the structure of neural networks is modeled. At the first level, a huge amount of information is loaded into it—trillions of data. After that something happens in it, like in a black box. Do neural networks themselves line up inside the black box?

Answer: Yes, this is the point at which we do not own data and information.

Comment: This information is located precisely inside the black box, and a person does not know what is happening there both in relation to himself and in relation to his creation. He just gets some result that statistically satisfies him more.

My Response: In general, a lot of questions arise here. How do we choose the result? Do we choose intuitively or because it is inherent in us, that such a result is closer to us and we agree to live with it, but with another one—no way. That is, there is a big problem here in the person himself, not in the machine, not in what it chooses, but in the person who chooses.

Therefore, many questions still remain open. But I think that in the coming years, we will begin to understand this more. I do not know when we can solve this, but we will be able to understand.
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From KabTV’s “Kabbalah Express” 7/31/23

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Definition of Intellect and Its Levels

222Question: If we talk about intellect, then today there is no single definition of this concept. There are several directions according to which classical science defines intellect.

First, intellect is a quality consisting of a person’s ability to recognize new situations, the ability to learn and remember based on experience, understand and apply abstract concepts, and use their knowledge to control himself and the environment.

Second, intellect is a general ability to recognize and solve problems, which combines all the cognitive abilities of a person and his ability to understand various situations.

The third definition is very short and concentrated. Intellect is, first of all, the basis of goal setting, resource planning, and a strategy to achieve the goal.

How would you define intellect?

Answer: I am closest to the third definition. The most important thing is still the goal setting and the way to achieve it.

Question: If you dive into this definition of intellect, then scientists expand it a bit and consider that it operates on three levels.

For ease of understanding, let us call intellect an agent that does something.

The first level is the agent achieves the goal, but everything is controlled by a person. For example, a calculator or a computer. A person sets goals for it and fully programs and controls it in every sense.

The second level is the agent has a goal set by a person, but the intellect chooses the ways to achieve it. For example, an artificial intelligence that learns from some data. The formation of neural connections takes place in it, and on their basis, it can offer something new. That is, this is not programming, this is the creation of something new.

And the third level is an animal or a person who sets goals and develops algorithms for achieving them. Animals set some simple goals and methods to achieve. A person sets more complex ones.

But is it correct to say that a person sets goals for himself?

Answer: As part of our activities, life, and communication, we, in principle, whether we wish it or not, set goals for ourselves throughout life and everything that happens to us.
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From KabTV’s “Kabbalah Express” 7/31/23

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Same Message, Different Delivery

234Comment: When you explain something, the same message always comes from you, but its presentation is different all the time. From the outside it looks like you are changing your mind and contradicting yourself.

My Response: What can I do?! My teaching is designed for serious people, let’s say people who study physics, especially those associated with such breakthroughs in science as the collider where they are looking for the Higgs boson and so on. Their discoveries can take them in one direction when they solve, say, the mystery of gravitation, or they can be taken in a completely different direction. They are in the middle and do not know what to do. This is how we live because we attain everything in comparison.

Matter always consists of two opposite elements, plus and minus, which gradually expand and connect with each other. The more complex matter is, the more contradictory, opposite are the elements it consists of that connect and complement each other. All of it is built on a contradiction.

If some people cannot comprehend it, what can I do?! They want to live like some kitten and nothing else: this is my mom, my bowl, and a box of sand.
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From KabTV’s “I Got a Call. You Contradict a Lot” 8/27/11

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Nature Protects the Science about Itself

221.0Question: Baal HaSulam wrote the “Preface to the Wisdom of Kabbalah” after the Second World War as one of the four prefaces to The Book of Zohar.

Answer: Yes, this material is very difficult to present, especially in such an accessible way as he did.

Question: Why don’t people study it? After all, he described it in the late 40’s of the 20th century. Many years have passed since then.

Answer: This information is practically impossible to apply anywhere except within a man himself. And nobody wants to do it. If only it could be used to make money.

Question: I still do not understand. People study many things which do not provide them with an income. I am not talking about changing oneself, because it is very difficult to change your nature, but just to read it as a source of information, as something important. After all, Baal HaSulam describes the creation of desire in such simple language for the first time! Why are his works not studied anywhere?

Answer: Because people think they do not need them. They are very far from them as if the material is happening somewhere in the sky, not on earth.

Question: However, materials relating to Egyptian mummies, for example, are researched at universities, and what is not made of them? And here, specifically, things are explained in such a language…

Answer: This is done on purpose so that people do not have a specific desire for this, and anyone who wants to would not grab and poke around in it. Nature protects this science about itself on purpose.

Kabbalah is the science about the foundations of nature. Therefore, nature protects it in order to open it only when humanity wants to renounce the picture of nature that we imagine today and to really understand that it needs to change in order to save itself and the world.
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From KabTV’s “Preface to the Wisdom of Kabbalah” 7/16/23

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