During the period of the First Temple, the leaders of the people were prophets, individuals who were in close connection with the Creator on a very special level.

The entire nation was in contact with the Creator, but the prophets were connected to Him in a unique, revealed way, corresponding to their Aviut (spiritual coarseness). They attained much more than what the Aviut developing and being corrected in the people at that time allowed.

But when the nation returned from Babylon, a different period began, called the period of the sages. There were no longer any prophecies, but there was a different connection with the upper, on the level of Mochin deNeshama (mind of the soul), yet the mutual guarantee within the nation was no longer all-encompassing. Part of the people were in mutual guarantee with one another and therefore in attainment of the upper, while another part of the nation no longer was.

This lasted until the time of the Second Temple, until even that declined and reached the level of unfounded hatred. The desire to receive had grown so much in people that they were no longer able to carry out the necessary corrections, and so the law of mutual guarantee simply ceased to exist.

The Second Temple was destroyed, and on the material level, the flaw that had arisen between souls was revealed, and the nation went into exile.

Exile is a special state in which it is impossible in practice even to carry out or desire mutual guarantee. The very concept that one must be a guarantor for another became concealed, and this idea seemed to disappear.
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From the Daily Kabbalah Lesson 5/4/2025, Writings of Baal HaSulam “The Arvut (Mutual Guarantee)”

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